Report: Full Public Expenditure on Children
This report provides a comprehensive analysis of public expenditure on children across six Indian states: Assam, Jharkhand, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Rajasthan. The study distinguishes between Child Specific Expenditure (CSE) and Child Inclusive Expenditure (CIE) to derive the Full Public Expenditure on Children (FPEC). Utilising both budgetary data and departmental inputs, the report captures expenditures […]
Undertaking an Analysis of Public Spending on Children and Preparing a Child Budget in India: A step-by-step manual
This manual is a complete guide to prepare a Child Budget or carry out an analysis of public expenditure on children with special reference to India, particularly at the level of the Indian states. Indian states are part of a federal structure and though united, they are also diverse in terms of their financial capacities, […]
Life in the Time of Covid-19: Mapping the Impact of Covid-19 on the Lives of School-Going Children Especially Girls in India
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected marginalised populations globally. With most schools being closed, and online education emerging as a common substitute, children from underprivileged backgrounds have been the worst hit. Not surprisingly, gender has added an additional layer to this disenfranchisement. In India, numerous girls at the intersections of gender, class and other structural […]
Public Expenditure Review of the Health Sector in Rajasthan
Rajasthan, the largest state in India, faces significant challenges in healthcare despite recent improvements in key indicators. With 33 districts and a population comprising 5.6% of the nation, the state exhibits alarming social indicators with only 25% of women completing at least ten years of education, and a high prevalence of child marriage among women […]
Public Expenditure Review of Secondary Education Sector In Tamil Nadu
This policy brief reviewed the status of secondary education in Tamil Nadu (TN) and analysed public expenditure in this sector, highlighting challenges and opportunities for improvement. Despite TN’s performance exceeding the all-India average, it lagged behind Kerala, the top-performing state. The study found high net attendance ratios (NAR) at the upper-primary and secondary levels, yet […]
Public Expenditure Review of Secondary Education in Tamil Nadu
This report analysed public expenditure on secondary education in Tamil Nadu, focusing on its implications for educational access and quality. The study aimed to understand the directions, priorities, and reach of public spending in this critical sector, particularly given the state’s notable economic growth juxtaposed with significant disparities in educational attainment across districts. Data from […]
Institutional Mapping of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) Through the Lens of Sanitation And Solid Waste Management (SWM) Services

The study aimed to understand how Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in India implemented sanitation and solid waste management (SWM) services, recognising their critical role in urban productivity and sustainability.
In-School Mentoring Module: A Handbook of Tools, Activities, and Games for Adolescent Girls and Boys
This module consists of a pedagogical approach that incorporates various experiences of empowerment-based education initiatives such as the ones practiced within Mahila Samakhya (MS), the Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV), social learning approaches (as practiced within CARE India), and other small-and large-scale models practices around the world. This module is developed as a flexible and […]
Public Expenditure on Children in India: Trends and Patterns
The report “Public Expenditure on Children in India: Trends and Patterns” examines the public spending on children by the union and sixteen state governments in India over seven years (2012-2019). It highlights the importance of investments in children’s health, nutrition, education, and protection, emphasising the direct impact of such expenditures on child development and overall […]
Public Expenditure on Health in Rajasthan
The report reviews public health expenditure patterns in Rajasthan from 2012 to 2018, focusing on the alignment of spending with the state’s healthcare needs. Rajasthan, home to approximately 5.6% of India’s population, faces significant health challenges, including high maternal and child mortality rates and a dual burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases. The study gathers […]